Title: Abundant triatomines in Texas dog kennel environments: Triatomine collections, infection with Trypanosoma cruzi, and blood feeding hosts

Authors: R.E. Busselman, R. Curtis-Robles, A.C. Meyers, I.B. Zecca, L.D. Auckland, C.L. Hodo, D. Christopher, A.B. Saunders, and S.A. Hamer

Journal/Date of Publication: Acta Tropica, 2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107087

Objective: Triatomines were collected across central and south Texas to identify their primary bloodmeal hosts, T. cruzi status, and the T. cruzi discrete typing units (DTUs) present. 

Type of Study: Prospective

Conclusions:

1. Triatomine insects are common in Texas dog kennels, with high infection rates of T. cruzi.
2. Dogs are the primary blood meal host, indicating a significant risk of Chagas disease transmission in kennels.
3. T. cruzi was found with multiple DTUs, mainly TcI and TcIV.
4. Scent detection dogs were effective in identifying cryptic triatomine habitats.

Clinical application:

1. Risk Assessment: Dog kennels, particularly those with outdoor exposure, are high-risk environments for Chagas disease.
2. Detection and Surveillance: Using scent detection dogs can enhance triatomine detection in difficult-to-reach areas.
3. Vector Control: Dogs in high-risk areas may benefit from insecticide treatments to reduce triatomine bites.
4. Disease Prevention: Preventative measures should focus on reducing kennel exposure to triatomines, including structural modifications and pesticide application.
5. Host Management: Since dogs are primary hosts, vector control strategies should prioritize interventions that limit dog-triatomine interactions.