Alternative Pet Care
Many people have biases toward alternative forms of healthcare because there is not much evidence based on research to support it. For them, more science and clinical data is needed to support acceptance of these therapies. Others are completely sold on the idea of alternative or ‘holistic’ medicine because it is known to be a cure for the source of problems and not just a treatment for the symptoms that result from those problems, as has been suggested of the role of traditional Western medicine. Alternative medicine for pets is referred to as Complementary and Alternative Veterinary Medicine (CAVM) and it integrates multiple modalities for veterinary medical therapy such as acupuncture, acupressure, botanical medicine, chiropractic care, homeopathy and massage therapy.
“Some of the modalities include acupuncture, which is one of the oldest forms of traditional Chinese medicine and involves the insertion of a tiny needle into the skin to a predetermined area called an acupuncture point, to treat or prevent disease” said Dr. M.A. Crist, clinical assistant professor at the Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences. “With today’s modern medicine we can also stimulate these points with electrical stimulation, injections, laser, ultrasound, ultraviolet and magnetic induction. Acupressure is the use of finger pressure on designated points on the body. Sometimes a few points are taught to owners to supplement their acupuncture.”
Alternative veterinary medicine includes a wide variety of medicinal and herbal treatments other than acupuncture and massage. The purpose of these medicines is to attack the ‘root’ of the problem that the animal is experiencing.
“Other methods of alternative medicine include veterinary chiropractic care, which is health care for animals involving manual spinal manipulation” said Crist. “It is the interaction between the neurological system and the biomechanics of the vertebral column. Therapy is directed toward prevention and treatment of disease. Aromatherapy is the use of essential oils from herbal plants for cause and effect of physiological or psychological response. Veterinary homeopathy is based on the principle ‘like is cured by like’ founded by Samuel Hahnemann in the 18th century. It is more important to understand that homeopathic remedies are medications and the more diluted the remedy, the more potent it becomes. Veterinary botanical medicine includes the use of herbal medicine to treat or prevent disease. This may involve Western herbs, Chinese herbal medicine, or herbs from India.”
Most alternative medicine treatments are based on clinically accepted medicine. However, it is difficult to find scientific data to support the theory that these modalities are safe and effective. More clinical data is becoming available, but it is a very slow process because funding for the research is not readily available.
“Owners need to understand that some of these modalities are slow and gentle and take time to take effect” said Crist. “Others may believe that alternative medicine does not work at all because they might have waited too long in the disease process and despite what therapy is used, nothing will work.”
To practice in any of these modalities a veterinarian must be certified and well versed in their area of interest within the scope of alternative pet care.
“It is not just a weekend seminar” said Crist, “it includes hundreds of hours of continuing education in that field, numerous examinations, multiple case reports, and hours and hours of shadowing an expert in the field. It is important that if an owner requests any of these integrated modalities that they are referred to a veterinarian certified in that field. It is also important that if they are referred by their regular veterinarian, that the two work together to do the best for your pet.”
Pet Talk is a service of the College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University. Stories can be viewed on the Web at vetmed.tamu.edu/news/pet-talk. Suggestions for future topics may be directed to editor@cvm.tamu.edu.
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